I've been following Nicholas Carr's thoughts and writing since I picked up The Big Switch a couple of years ago (I analyzed one particular section of the book here on Tropophilia BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, ). Shortly after that -- right around when I was getting ready to move to California to join Google -- Carr published the very controversial piece "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" in The Atlantic. Since then, Accutane gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, he has been developing and expanding his theory that the Internet is rewiring our brains for the worse. He has just this month released the results in book form with The Shallows: What The Internet Is Doing To Our Brains.
Carr's central argument is that with the increased use of the Web comes a decreased ability to engage in long-form reading and deep thought. Now, buy Accutane without a prescription, a while back, Buy Accutane no prescription, I blew up at another author who made similar claims without providing much, if any, causal evidence, where to buy Accutane. I am happy to see from a few of Carr's recent shorter pieces that he at least relies on published research to back his arguments.
Calls for "Delinkification"
Believe it or not, I've actually just committed what Carr deems to be one of the primary crimes perpetrated by the Web against deep reading and thinking: inline, contextual hyperlinking, BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION. Accutane samples, He explains in a post (oops, I did it again!) on his blog:
The link is, in a way, canada, mexico, india, a technologically advanced form of a footnote. Buy cheap Accutane no rx, It's also, distraction-wise, a more violent form of a footnote, rx free Accutane. Where a footnote gives your brain a gentle nudge, Buy generic Accutane, the link gives it a yank. What's good about a link - its propulsive force - is also what's bad about it.
Carr describes a multiplicity of reasons why the link distracts from long-form reading and comprehension:
- The link, by its very existence, purchase Accutane online, makes us pause in our consideration and comprehension of the overlying and surrounding text to make a decision: do I click this, Purchase Accutane, or do I ignore it?
- If we choose to click it, we are taken to a different page completely. BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, Our brains must reset to prepare to capture and understand the new information. We lose focus on what we were on before.
- The problem can compound if the new page itself has links for us to decide on, Accutane for sale, and possibly follow further away from the original document.
Carr concludes that "people who read hypertext comprehend and learn less, Online buy Accutane without a prescription, studies show, than those who read the same material in printed form. The more links in a piece of writing, order Accutane from United States pharmacy, the bigger the hit on comprehension."
In his blog post, Order Accutane no prescription, Carr cites a few experiments in "bottom linking" that seek to mitigate this allegedly attention-degrading practice. It's just what it sounds like: instead of linking within the text to other destinations on the web, one simply collects links at the bottom of the post, buy Accutane online no prescription. I've seen this from time to time, Online buying Accutane hcl, and I don't like it for a few reasons.
Why Delinkification Is Bad For Users and Bad For the Web
First, consider the loss of context if, hypothetically, I had written the first two paragraphs of this post without links, and instead included this list at the bottom of the post:
- The Big Switch (Amazon)
- My review of The Big Switch (Tropophilia)
- "Is Google Making Us Stupid?" (The Atlantic)
- The Shallows (official site)
- My take-down of Susan Jacoby (Tropophilia)
- Excerpt from The Shallows (Wired)
- "Does The Internet Make You Dumber?" by Carr (Wall Street Journal)
- "Are Google Maps and GPS Bad For Our Brains?" by Carr (Washington Post)
Compare that approach to what I actually constructed in the first two paragraphs of this post, BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION. In the "bottom linked" version, you don't know that the last three links are examples I am giving of how Carr makes science-backed arguments, where can i order Accutane without prescription. You also don't know that those three are to be contrasted with my criticism of Susan Jacoby in the link preceding them. Accutane over the counter, Sure, I could explain all of these relationships in the bottom link area... but why go to all that trouble when I can simply link in the context of the post itself, ordering Accutane online.
My second criticism is born from an observation Anil Dash BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, made at an internal Google retreat I attended last year: hyperlinks were made into commodities by the growth of search engines (like Google) that turn connections into value, but contextual hyperlinking is also a skill, or even an artform. The well-chosen link, Where can i buy cheapest Accutane online, when applied to the right word or phrase in a post, can say much more than is expressed on the surface. Shifting links out of context and into a bottom list may save long-form reading and thought, where can i buy cheapest Accutane online, but it removes an important and under-appreciated aspect of web literature and culture. Purchase Accutane, Third, and much more practically, removing links from context possibly hurts a lot of the value brought by search engines like Google, order Accutane online c.o.d. Sure, Buy Accutane no prescription, Google will find the same links on the bottom-linked version of a page as well as it does on a inline-linked one. But you can imagine that Google also takes into account the hyperlinked words themselves, the words around the link, the position of the link in the page, or maybe a dozen other attributes that depend on links being related to the content on top and around them (disclaimer: I am no more aware of the nitty gritty ingredients of Google Web Search's secret sauce than you are), BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION. In other words, stripping links out of context potentially degrades some of our ability to find webpages, order Accutane online overnight delivery no prescription.
Finally, Real brand Accutane online, I've seen some bloggers go so far as to put a footnote (hyperlinked even!) in the text that points you to the relevant link at the bottom. What does that fix. You get the "distracting" hyperlink without the immediate value that the link brings, buy Accutane without prescription. BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, To me, this seems like an even bigger distraction than what currently exists.
Have A Little Faith (And, Buy cheap Accutane no rx, A Call For Innovation)
Though I haven't read The Shallows and don't know what his full reasoning and recommendations are, what has bothered me the most about Carr's arguments on this topic are his lack of faith in the capacity of modern humans to adapt to new media and the challenges that they pose.
In his counterpoint to Carr's Wall Street Journal piece, buy generic Accutane, Clay Shirky reminds us that every media revolution has brought fear, Accutane samples, turmoil, and sometimes chaos -- but they have sparked amazing cultural evolutions as well. For example, buy no prescription Accutane online, the invention of the printing press "fueled the Protestant Revolution, Canada, mexico, india, " but it also paved the way for "novels, newspapers, scientific journals, online buying Accutane hcl, the separation of fiction and non-fiction" and even the concept of scientific peer review. Online buy Accutane without a prescription, The Internet may be rewiring our brains to work a different way, but that doesn't mean all outcomes are disastrous. History, so far, proves otherwise, BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION.
Look, Accutane from canadian pharmacy, I don't disagree that links can be distracting. Accutane gel, ointment, cream, pill, spray, continuous-release, extended-release, I don't deny that, when presented with a link, my mind momentarily pauses to decide whether to click it, buy Accutane from canada. But when I decide to click a link in an article that I plan on finishing, Where to buy Accutane, I rarely just "click it." Instead, I use a simple shortcut (on Windows: Ctrl-click; on Mac: Cmd-click) to open the link in a new background tab. I may do this a few times in the same article, ordering Accutane online, opening the links up for later consideration (unless I feel I need to check the link out to better understand what I'm reading, Comprar en línea Accutane, comprar Accutane baratos, in which case I navigate to that tab while keeping the original article open). BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, There is a subtle but important difference between this and bottom links; my mind is able to process the context of the links while still saving them for browsing after finishing the current document.
Admittedly, the Cmd-click solution isn't an obvious one for the average browser user (indeed, buy Accutane online no prescription, the average browser user usually doesn't know what a browser is exactly). Japan, craiglist, ebay, overseas, paypal, I think what we need are lightweight, out-of-the-box browser capabilities to show what's behind a link (before clicking) so that we can decide whether it's worth it to leave the current page. Snap and Apture (among others) offer some interesting solutions on the publisher side, Accutane price, coupon, but Snap is a slow, Order Accutane from United States pharmacy, terrible user experience, and I haven't seen Apture widely adopted. To give you a sense of how Apture works, check out this post on my personal blog where I tried the service out (click the "video" link).
This capability is actually already built into the HTML language itself, BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION. The "title" attribute lets publishers add text that will show up when you hover over a link. You can see it in action by hovering your mouse here. But again, far too people take the time to hover -- it's far faster and easier just to click away. I really think then modern browser makers need to think about building in stronger capabilities for pre-click link evaluation.
Closing Thoughts BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION, I welcome Nicholas Carr's criticism. I think it's important. I don't doubt that the research he cites is well-founded and thorough. Indeed, I agree that the Internet is rewiring our very impressionable brains. I can feel it. But I dispute his conclusion that it's making us "stupid." I spend a whole lot of time online, but I still read books, often for hours at a time, BUY Accutane ONLINE NO PRESCRIPTION. At the least, I think it's way too early to tell, and I am optimistic that we'll adapt for the better.
I'm also glad that he's proposing solutions, even small-scale experimental ones, to counter any potential fallout from this neural transition. However, I think that any widespread changes we make to the way we publish and read online need to also preserve the pre-existing value of the Web. We have an opportunity, after careful reflection, to seize on Carr's observations and make the Internet -- and the conversations that happen there -- a better place. Let's do it with a spirit of progress, not regression.
Image used under a CC-BY-SA license courtesy of Flickr user Max Klingensmith..
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